![]() ![]() ![]() San Diego.If you want to give your glutes the greatest burn, it’s important to add some hip abductor exercises and hip stretches into your regular butt workout. Guidance on normal range of muscle movements at .uk.Reposition - To release an object by spreading the fingers and thumb.Opposition - A motion involving a grasping motion of the thumb and fingers."Windmilling" the arms or rotating the hand from the wrist are examples of circumductive movement. It consists of a combination of flexion, extension, adduction, and abduction. Circumduction - The circular (or, more precisely, conical) movement of a body part, such as a ball-and-socket joint or the eye.The head rotates on the neck, as in shaking the head 'no'. Rotation - A motion that occurs when a part turns on its axis.Some additional motions without clear opposites are as follows: (For example, passage of food from the mouth to the stomach.) Motion within body (such as in blood vessels or the digestive system)Īnterograde motion is in the normal direction of flow. Retraction - Posterior movement of the arms at the shoulders. Protraction - Anterior movement of the arms at the shoulders. Retrusion - The opposite of protrusion, moving a part posteriorly. Protrusion - The anterior movement of an object. Other special motions anterior/posterior movement - general Inversion - the movement of the sole towards the median plane (same as when an ankle is twisted). Occurs at ankle.Įversion - the movement of the sole of the foot away from the median plane. Plantarflexion - Flexion of the entire foot inferiorly, as if pressing an automobile pedal. (See also Supinator muscle.)ĭorsiflexion - Flexion of the entire foot superiorly, as if taking one's foot off an automobile pedal. The hand is supine (facing anteriorly) in the anatomical position. Supination - The opposite of pronation, the rotation of the forearm so that the palm faces anteriorly, or palm facing up. (See also Pronator quadratus and Pronator teres muscle.) This is not medial rotation as this must be performed when the arm is half flexed. Pronation - A rotation of the forearm that moves the palm from an anterior-facing position to a posterior-facing position, or palm facing down. The dorsum (back) of the hand corresponds to the dorsum (top) of the foot. The adjective volar, used mainly in orthopaedics, is synonymous with palmar and plantar. The palm ( adj palmar) of the hand corresponds to the sole ( adj plantar) of the foot. Special motions of the hands and feet surfaces of the hands and feet It would turn the toes or the flexed forearm outwards (away from the midline).Įlevation - Movement in a superior direction.ĭepression - Movement in an inferior direction, the opposite of elevation. Internal rotation (or medial rotation) of the shoulder or hip would point the toes or the flexed forearm inwards (towards the midline).Įxternal rotation (or lateral rotation) is the opposite. Adduction of the wrist is called ulnar deviation. In the case of the fingers or toes, adduction is closing the digits together. Dropping the arms to the sides, or bringing the knees together, are examples of adduction. Raising the arms laterally, to the sides, is an example of abduction.Īdduction - A motion that pulls a structure or part towards the midline of the body, or towards the midline of a limb. Abduction of the wrist is called radial deviation. Extension of the hip or shoulder moves the limb backward (towards the posterior side of the body).Ībduction - A motion that pulls a structure or part away from the midline of the body (or, in the case of fingers and toes, spreading the digits apart, away from the centerline of the hand or foot). When standing up, the knees are extended. In a conventional handshake, the fingers are fully extended. Flexion of the hip or shoulder moves the limb forward (towards the anterior side of the body).Įxtension - The opposite of flexion a straightening movement that increases the angle between body parts. Bending the elbow, or clenching a hand into a fist, are examples of flexion. General motion Adjusting angle between two partsįlexion - Bending movement that decreases the angle between two parts. 2 Special motions of the hands and feet. ![]()
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